One Row = 3/4 items recalled on average.Whole grid = 5/12 items recalled on average.
Participants were required to recall only the letters in the row I specify. The same participants were then shown a different table of letters and numbers, however this time after the grid had gone, the researcher called up ‘high’, ‘middle’ or ‘low’. They were then asked to write down as many of the letters and numbers as they could The table of 12 letters and numbers flashed up for 50 milliseconds (a blink of an eye). He asked participants to stare at a blue cross on a screen. Sperling (1960) presented students with a 3×4 grid which contained a mixture if letters and numbers. Key study for Coding of the Sensory Register: if you see something that is encoded by the sight sense, if you eat something that is encoded by the taste sense) The two main stores are echoic memory – sound that is coded acoustically, and iconic memory – visual information that is coded visually. Capacity: all sensory experience (very larger capacity).The SR is where information from the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch and taste) is stored, but only for a duration of approximately half a second before it is forgotten. Baddeley & Hitch (1975) Word length effect.Baddeley & Hitch (1974) Working memory model (WMM): central executive, phonological loop: phonological store (inner ear), articulatory control (inner voice), visuo-spatial: inner scribe, visual cache.Cohen & Squire (1980) differentiates between procedural memory and declarative memory.The case of HM and Clive wearing to support types of LTM.Tulving (1972) Types of Long-term memory – episodic, sematic and procedural.The case of KF to support and conflict MSM.Craik & Watkins research conflicts with MSM – maintenance rehearsal & elaborative rehearsal.The coding, capacity and duration of each store within the Multi-store model of memory.Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968) Multi-store model of memory (MSM): sensory register, short-term memory and long-term memory.Peterson & Peterson (1959) Duration of STM.Features of each memory store: coding, capacity and duration.
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